The basics of biodegradable and compostable are simple: the first order breaking down naturally with the other occurring through a process involving human intervention.
The natural side of biodegradable means those materials that can be broken down by microorganisms, such as fungi and bacteria, into water, biomass and carbon dioxide.
On the composting side, it’s good to note that there are major differences between residential and commercial composting potential. For residential, things like fruit and vegetables and yard clippings can be easily composted in your yard pile or bin, for example. This requires the addition of oxygen and water, of course.
On the industrial path, specifically for things like plastic bags, for example, are meant to head to industrial-level composting facilities, as it will not be possible to break something like this down in a home garden. Some communities do have compost programs that will accept this type of waste.
An important point on bioplastics is that they are not all recyclable; in fact, sending plant-based materials to the recycler can lead to those piles of recyclable material being rejected and sent to the landfill. The EPA recommends that you read the label of the product in question.
What are the benefits of understanding the difference between compostable and biodegradable?
- Organizations can use it to make better and more informed decisions on their waste.
- Brands can benefit from the knowledge via brand awareness and customer retention and support.
- Other brands may look at your company as a thought leader in the space and reference you in their own decision-making processes, leading to more awareness of your brand and your leadership.
How can my brand get started with proper care of solid waste?
In the initial period of planning, it’s best to take note of the goals, which can be to reduce waste or avoid certain types of waste, for example. Starting there can lead to better conversations after the research period has begun.
During the research, companies should consider the options within their local municipality on how solid waste is handled. Most cities and municipalities do not have robust composting programs. Here, companies can work with local partners on compostable items–typically not bioplastics, though it’s not unheard of. These discussions, from a sustainability standpoint, should include ways to avoid certain wastes overall.
After all this occurs, companies can move on to creating measurements and time-bound goals for the reduction or outright halt of allowing certain types of solid waste to come through a company’s facilities. Remember, the measurement will involve the piece you’re trying to reduce or eliminate, such as plastic bags.
Next, put the plan into action and track it over time, making sure you’re meeting goal posts put into place during the creation of a plan.